Voices of Resistance, Reform and Renewal: Let Nobody Turn Us Around

By this, he uttered a crucial goal for emancipated slaves during the Reconstruction outcome the right to vote and be counted as proper citizens of the Union. Douglass knew that unless African Americans were made full citizens, with full political suffrage rights, they would never be adequately represented, nor fifty-fifty properly understood as "free" work force at all. A class of men that cannot vote, Douglass insisted, cannot enjoy liberty. For Douglass, time was of the essence; on the heels of the Emancipation Proclamation, he did, with great prescience, perceive that abolitionists must strike while the campaign was hot and extend political rights of suffrage to the black mass immediately. Should too much time be allowed to pass, he argued, the " inclination of an orbit to learn righteousness" (126) such as the one predominant in 1865 would grow cold, and the black man would remain aphonic and hence, unfree.

Thurgood Marshall attacked separate-but-equal Jim Crow legis

Marable, Manning and Mullings, Leith, editors (2000). allow Nobody Turn Us Around: Voices of Resistance, Reform, and Renewal. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

Malcolm X takes up this view of Marshall's, and extends it in his speech. When Malcolm X notes that "?

it doesn't mean you're discriminate just because you have your make. You've got to control your own." (435), he strikes at the warmth of the African American struggle during the Civil Rights Era. He reveals the confessedly nature of American society: a pernicious coalesce of systematic political, economic and social oppression aimed at belongings the African American in submission. Even with the right to vote, even with the formal extirpation of Jim Crow laws, African American's could not, in the 1960s, thwart out from underneath the heel of white aggression. More than a "segregationist conspiracy", this was a "government conspiracy" (431), and the counterpoison for the African American was control. Control over his own schools, his own neighborhoods, his own bus
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